Biological Systems MCAT Practice Exam

What type of secretion do goblet cells produce in the gastrointestinal tract?

1. Acid

2. Mucus

3. Digestive enzymes

4. Insulin

The correct answer is: Mucus

Goblet cells are specialized epithelial cells found in the intestinal and respiratory tracts, and their primary function is to secrete mucus. This secretion plays a critical role in protecting and lubricating the lining of the gastrointestinal tract. Mucus serves as a barrier, preventing damage from mechanical forces and harmful substances, as well as aiding in the movement of food through the digestive system by providing a slippery surface. The secretion of mucus is important for maintaining the integrity of the gut lining, as well as facilitating the process of digestion by trapping pathogens and particulate matter. The production of acid, digestive enzymes, or insulin is not associated with goblet cells. Instead, these functions are typically carried out by other specialized cells, such as parietal cells in the stomach for acid, pancreatic acinar cells for digestive enzymes, and beta cells in the pancreas for insulin. Therefore, the role of goblet cells as mucus producers is crucial for the overall function and health of the gastrointestinal tract.