Biological Systems MCAT Practice Exam

What is the primary function of osteoblasts in the remodeling of bone?

1. Synthesize bone around it to become osteocytes

2. Destroy bone by dissolving hydroxyapatite

3. Regulate the reabsorption of calcium in the kidneys

4. Increase the ratio of osteoclast to osteoblast activity

The correct answer is: Synthesize bone around it to become osteocytes

The primary function of osteoblasts in the remodeling of bone is to synthesize bone around themselves, which contributes to the formation of new bone tissue. When osteoblasts become embedded in the matrix they secrete, they differentiate into osteocytes, which are mature bone cells that help maintain bone structure and communicate with other bone cells. This process is vital for bone growth and repair, allowing for the remodeling necessary to adapt the skeleton to various stresses and maintain overall bone integrity. The role of osteoblasts is crucial as they are responsible for the deposition of minerals and the formation of the bone matrix, which is essential for bone health and function. Their activity is balanced by that of osteoclasts, which are responsible for bone resorption, ensuring a dynamic equilibrium in bone remodeling where bone formation and resorption are closely regulated.